Commands and Requests & Exclamations and Wishes for changing Direct Speech into Indirect

105. In reporting commands and requests, the Indirect Speech is introduced by some verb

expressing command or request, and the imperative mood is changed into the Infinitive.

Direct. -- Rama said to Arjun, “Go away.”

Indirect. -- Rama ordered Arjun to go away.

Direct. -- He said to him, “Please wait here till I return.”

Indirect. -- He requested him to wait there till he returned.

Direct. -- “Call the first witness,” said the judge.

Indirect. -- The judge commanded them to call the first witness.

Direct. -- He shouted, “Let me go.”

Indirect. -- He shouted to them to let him go.

Direct. -- He said, “Be quiet and listen to my words.”

Indirect. -- He urged them to be quiet and listen to his words.

Exclamations and Wishes

106. In reporting exclamations and wishes the Indirect Speech is introduced by some verb

expressing exclamation or wish.

Direct. -- He said, “Alas! I am undone.”

Indirect. -- He exclaimed sadly that he was undone.

Direct. -- Alice said, “How clever I am!”

Indirect. -- Alice exclaimed that she was very clever.

Direct. -- He said, “Bravo! You have done well.”

Indirect. -- He applauded him, saying that he had done well.

Direct. -- “So help me, Heaven!” he cried, “I will never steal again.”

Indirect. -- He called upon Heaven to witness his resolve never to steal again.